Mark Corson

Tis chapter covers audiovisuals published as individual titles arcoxia 120mg otc, not journals or journal articles effective arcoxia 90mg. If more information is needed arcoxia 60mg line, consult the case housing the audiovisual or any accompanying booklet or other documentation. Note that the rules for creating references to audiovisuals are not the same as the rules for cataloging them. Continue to Citation Rules with Examples for Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats. Continue to Examples of Citations to Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats. Citation Rules with Examples for Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats Components/elements are listed in the order they should appear in a reference. An R afer the component name means that it is required in the citation; an O afer the name means it is optional. Author/Editor (R) | Author Afliation (O) | Title (R) | Type of Medium (R) | Edition (R) | Producer, Editor, and other Secondary Authors (O) | Place of Publication (R) | Publisher (R) | Date of Publication (R) | Extent (O) | Physical Description (O) | Series (O) | Language (R) | Notes (O) Author/Editor for Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats (required) General Rules for Author/Editor • List names in the order they appear on the opening screens or in the text accompanying text • Enter surname (family or last name) frst for each author/editor • Capitalize surnames and enter spaces within surnames as they appear in the document cited on the assumption that the author approved the form used. Gerard de Pouvourville becomes de Pouvourville G • Keep compound surnames even if no hyphen appears Sergio Lopez Moreno becomes Lopez Moreno S Jaime Mier y Teran becomes Mier y Teran J Virginie Halley des Fontaines becomes Halley des Fontaines V [If you cannot determine whether a surname is compound or a combination of a middle name and a surname by looking at the opening screens of a videocassette, videodisc, or motion picture or the frst few slides of a slide set or by listening to an audiocassette, look to the container of the audiovisual or other accompanying written material for clarifcation. Tis rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications. Names in non-roman alphabets (Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Korean) or character-based languages (Chinese, Japanese). Romanization, a form of transliteration, means using the roman (Latin) alphabet to represent the letters or characters of another alphabet. Tis rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications. Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats 899 Box 6 continued from previous page. Tis rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications. Language Word for Editor French redacteur editeur German redakteur herausgeber Italian redattore curatore editore Russian redaktor izdatel Spanish redactor editor Box 8. An organization such as a university, society, association, corporation, or governmental body may serve as an author. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division. American College of Surgeons, Committee on Trauma, Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes, Working Group. Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats 901 Box 8 continued from previous page. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine; American College of Emergency Physicians, Pediatric Committee. Tis rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications. Follow the same rules as used for author names, but end the list of names with a comma and the specifc role, that is, editor or translator. Collaborative research with communities: value added & challenges faced [videocassette]. Separate the surname from the given name or initials by a comma; follow initials with a period; separate successive names by a semicolon and a space. Audiovisuals authors with particles or prefxes in their names (give as provided in the publication) 7. Audiovisuals with organization as author with subsidiary part of organization named 10. Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats 905 Box 11 continued from previous page. If you abbreviate a word in one reference in a list of references, abbreviate the same word in all references. Marubini E (Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy), Rebora P, Reina G. Tis rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications. Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats 907 Box 13 continued from previous page. Moskva becomes Moscow Wien becomes Vienna Italia becomes Italy Espana becomes Spain Examples for Author Affiliation 12. Audiovisuals with author afliation included Title for Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats (required) General Rules for Title • Enter the title of an audiovisual as it appears on the opening screen(s) or in the text accompanying text, in the original language • Capitalize only the frst word of a title, proper nouns, proper adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms • Use a colon followed by a space to separate a title from a subtitle, unless some other form of punctuation such as a question mark, period, or an exclamation point is already present • Follow non-English titles with a translation whenever possible; place the translation in square brackets • End a title with no punctuation unless a question mark or exclamation point already ends it Specific Rules for Title • Audiovisual titles not in English • Audiovisual titles in more than one language 908 Citing Medicine • Audiovisual titles ending in punctuation other than a period • Audiovisual titles containing a Greek letter, chemical formula, or another special character • No audiovisual title can be found Box 15. New York: Society for French American Cultural Services and Educational Aid; 1991. Tis rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications. Books and Other Individual Titles in Audiovisual Formats 909 Box 15 continued from previous page. New York: Society for French American Cultural Services and Educational Aid; 1991. Udalenie doli legkogo pri tuberkuleze [Lung lobe resection in tuberculosis] [motion picture].

Your anxiety may be due to your belief that bad things are always going to happen order arcoxia 60 mg otc, while good things are only a fluke arcoxia 60mg online. Pervasiveness refers to the tendency to describe things in universals (everyone discount arcoxia 90 mg with mastercard, always, never, etc. Pessimists tend to describe things in universals, while optimists describe things in specifics. If you totaled 0 or 1, you are very optimistic on this dimension; 2 or 3 is a moderately optimistic score; 4 is average; 5 or 6 is quite pessimistic; and 7 or 8 is extremely pessimistic. Optimists tend to view good events as universal, while pessimists view them as specific. Total your score for the questions coded PvG (for Pervasive Good): 6, 7, 28, 31, 34, 35, 37, and 43. If you totaled 7 or 8, you are very optimistic on this dimension; 6 is a moderately optimistic score; 4 or 5 is average; 3 is pessimistic; and 0, 1, or 2 is extremely pessimistic. Our level of hope or hopelessness is determined by our combined level of permanence and pervasiveness. If it is 0, 1, or 2, you are extraordinarily hopeful; 3, 4, 5, or 6 is a moderately hopeful score; 7 or 8 is average; 9, 10, or 11 is moderately hopeless; and 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 is severely hopeless. People who make permanent and universal explanations for their troubles tend to suffer from stress, anxiety, and depression; they tend to collapse when things go wrong. When bad things happen, either we can blame ourselves (internalize) and lower our self-esteem as a consequence, or we can blame things beyond our control (externalize). Although it may not be right to deny personal responsibility, people who tend to externalize blame in relation to bad events have higher self- esteem and are more optimistic. Total your score for the questions coded PsB (for Personalization Bad): 3, 9, 16, 19, 25, 30, 39, 41, and 47. A score of 0 or 1 indicates very high self-esteem and optimism; 2 or 3 indicates moderate self- esteem; 4 is average; 5 or 6 indicates moderately low self-esteem; and 7 or 8 indicates very low self- esteem. When good things happen, the person with high self-esteem internalizes while the person with low self-esteem externalizes. Total your score for those questions coded PsG (for Personalization Good): 1, 4, 11, 12, 23, 27, 36, and 45. If you totaled 7 or 8, you are very optimistic on this dimension; 6 is a moderately optimistic score; 4 or 5 is average; 3 is pessimistic; and 0, 1, or 2 is extremely pessimistic. If your B score is from 3 to 6, you are marvelously optimistic when bad events occur; 10 or 11 is average; 12 to 14 is pessimistic; anything above 14 is extremely pessimistic. If your G score is 19 or above, you think about good events extremely optimistically; 14 to 16 is average; 11 to 13 indicates pessimism; and a score of 10 or less indicates great pessimism. If your overall score (G minus B) is above 8, you are very optimistic across the board; if it’s from 6 to 8, you are moderately optimistic; 3 to 5 is average; 1 or 2 is pessimistic; and a score of 0 or below is very pessimistic. For example, you won’t see nuts, seeds, fish, poultry, and meats listed, because these foods have little impact on blood sugar levels as they are low in carbohydrates. The acid-alkaline theory of disease is an oversimplification, but it essentially states that many diseases are caused by excess acid accumulation in the body. There is accumulating evidence that certain disease states such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and many others may be influenced by the dietary acid-alkaline balance. For example, osteoporosis may be the result of a chronic intake of acid-forming foods that consistently outweighs the intake of alkaline foods, with the result that the bones are constantly forced to give up their alkaline minerals (calcium and magnesium) in order to buffer the excess acid. The dietary goal for good health is simple: make sure that you consume more alkaline-producing foods than acid-producing foods. Keep in mind that there is a difference between acidic foods and acid-forming foods. For example, although foods like lemons and citrus fruits are acidic, they actually have an alkalizing effect on the body. What determines the pH nature of a food in the body is the metabolic end product when it is digested. For example, the citric acid in citrus fruit is metabolized in the body to its alkaline form (citrate) and may even be converted to bicarbonate, another alkaline compound. The following table was prepared by Professor Jürgen Vormann of the Institute for Prevention and Diet in Ismaning, Germany (used with permission; see http://jn. Foods with a negative value exert a base (B) or alkaline effect, foods with a positive value an acid (A) effect. The calculation is based upon the potential acid load to the kidneys in milliequivalents per 100-g (31/2-oz) serving. In fact, we have chosen to focus on key studies and comprehensive review articles that readers, especially medical professionals, may find helpful. The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at websites of participating publishers. If the publisher has a website that offers full text of its journals, PubMed provides links to that site, as well as sites with other biological data, sequence centers, and so on. User registration, a subscription fee, or some other type of fee may be required to access the full text of articles in some journals. Coverage is worldwide, but most records are from English-language sources or have English abstracts (summaries). Conducting a search is quite easy, and the site has a link to a tutorial that fully explains the search process. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on chondrocyte metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Anti-inflammatory drugs and their effects on cartilage synthesis and renal function. Correlation between radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis and future disease progression. Results from a 3-year prospective, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of glucosamine sulfate.

An Grouse) have inflatable esophageal diverticula that enlarged crop with a dough-like consistency that fails act as resonating chambers or display devices purchase arcoxia 120 mg on-line. Occasionally discount 60mg arcoxia visa, large deposits of fat arcoxia 90 mg low price, and in Investigative Methods some cases lipomas, can occur near the crop and should not be misdiagnosed as a full or impacted Clinical signs of esophageal or ingluvial disorders crop. Discolored necrotic areas, swelling and plicator into the esophagus, and moving it up and edema are common clinical findings. The cotton tip is then compressed between the thumb and For diagnostic purposes, an esophageal or ingluvial index finger to produce one drop of fluid, which is aspirate can be obtained by inserting a catheter and placed on a slide for direct examination. A clinical washing the mucosa with sterile isotonic saline solu- diagnosis in Psittaciformes can be difficult because of tion. Luer-lock syringes should always be used when low parasite numbers in the early stages of the dis- tube-feeding or collecting samples from psittacine ease137 and the intracellular location of the parasite. Immediate microscopic examination of a wet mount Trichomoniasis can cause inflammation of the upper slide is best for diagnosing trichomoniasis. Material intestinal tract and mouth resulting in dysphagia or aspirated from the crop should be centrifuged, and vomiting, and may be an underdiagnosed cause of microscopic examination of the sediment may reveal ingluvitis in budgerigars. Air-dried smears can be stained with Diff- plaques and papilliform projections in the esophagus Quik, Gram’s stain, Wright’s stain, Hemacolor or and crop have been defined in many budgerigars. Flotation is more likely to detect low concentra- gus was most frequently affected, but many birds tions of eggs than a direct smear. Histologic examination for examining the gastrointestinal mucosa and for revealed that the increased thickness of the crop and removing some foreign bodies (Color 19. The intracellular occurrence of tricho- Diseases of the Esophagus and Crop moniasis has not been reported in other avian gen- era, and this unique feature of infection in budgeri- Trichomoniasis gars may contribute to the underdiagnosis of Trichomonas gallinae infections commonly occur in trichomoniasis as a cause of morbidity and mortality pigeons and raptors, and may also occur in Passeri- in Psittaciformes. Clinical signs included necrotic der- matitis at the commissure of the beak, depression, Anatomic Location Esophagus, crop Mouth, cloaca, umbilicus, liver, generalized crop stasis and white caseous plaques on the tongue and pharynx. The bird had been in this environment sented with a six-month history of intermit- off and on for several years. Abnormal clini- tent dyspnea that had become progres- cal pathology findings included sively worse. Ra- a soft tissue mass in the area of the caudal diographs indicated a rough appearance to thoracic esophagus. Laparoscopy indicated the dorsal serosal surface of the proven- a diffuse air sacculitis (that was not de- triculus, suggestive of inflammation. The tected on radiographs), and the soft tissue client chose to treat the bird at home with mass was determined to be a dilated por- only antibiotics. At necropsy, a large per- trachea revealed thick mucus from which forating ulcer was present in the proven- Klebsiella spp. The bird responded to systemic antibiotics but would relapse with the ces- Color 19. The etiology of the mass Several different nematodes can cause remains undetermined. Necropsy findings included hyper- koilin layer (dark green areas), which can emia of the intestinal tract with distended partially extend into the proventriculus. The bird did A mature Yellow-collared Macaw hen died not respond to supportive therapy. Histo- following a period of unseasonably low tem- pathology indicated marked myocardial de- peratures well below freezing. The bird had generation and necrosis of undetermined exhibited several days of depression before etiology. At necropsy, the cloaca and lower intestinal tract were filled with blood- Color 19. Histopathol- A mature Scarlet Macaw was presented for ogy indicated severe necrosis of the villi and intermittent regurgitation and weight loss. Several masses (inglu- The pericloacal area of birds is normally violiths) were palpated and were removed dry and the feathers are of normal color. Accumulations of excrement or bile-stained feathers are indications of enteritis or cloa- Color 19. The crop cockatiel had biliverdinuria from hepa- was severely distended with food, and the topathy and enteritis associated with bird had an audible click on inspiration. Five percent acetic acid will cause papil- gastrointestinal tract was dilated and con- tained poorly digested ingesta. When the tissue turns grey, esophagus are thin, milk-colored, partially the silver nitrate is inactivated by flushing transparent membranes with a few distin- with water. Note that must not be allowed to run inside the clo- the trachea can be seen through the crop. The bird was being fed abdomen were covered with excrement and a commercial hand-feeding formula sup- fly larvae. The feces were hyperemic and distended with food, and the removed from the cloaca with forceps, and vessels were congested. This bird’s rostral cloacal wall revealed a moderate diet was estimated to have four to six times number of short, gram-negative bacteria. Radiographs indi- cal prolapse had occurred, and the mucosa cated gaseous distention of the intestinal had multifocal, dry, necrotic areas. The cloaca was placed back in the lected by abdominocentesis was charac- abdomen and was held in place with a cloa- teristic of an exudate (SpGr=1. The bird did not recover from was considered to have occurred following the surgery. Large quantities of gas may have initiated In another case, six Yellow-naped Amazon Parrot the crop dilatation. Crop Impaction Wet mount examination of scrapings from these le- Crop impaction is occasionally seen in Galliformes sions, crop lavage and transtracheal wash were nega- and Anseriformes that have sudden access to an tive. Postmortem examination of one of the Amazon abundant supply of lush grasses and sprouted parrots revealed a caseous plaque partially occluding grains.

Te International atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease order arcoxia 120mg mastercard, which usually Consensus on the Diabetic Foot defned a diabetic foot ulcer afects the distal vessels of the lower limb [7 buy arcoxia 60 mg amex, 8] order 60 mg arcoxia with amex. Infection can as a full thickness wound below the ankle in a person with complicate any type of diabetic foot ulcer and is one of the diabetes, irrespective of duration [4]. Approximately 15–25% of those cases require collagen deposition and network by advanced glycosylation amputation [4, 5]. Some estimates have stated that the end products, the loss of adipose tissue, and the occurrence likelihood of amputation is 25–30 times higher among of edema, which destroy the compensating balance between patients with diabetes than in the general population. A single session lasts for 70–120 vascular surgeon, orthopaedist, radiologist, educator, shoe- minutes,usually90minutes,andthenumberofsessions maker, and kinesiotherapist [4, 14]. Te basic the pressure, temporary worsening of short sightedness, and principles of prevention and treatment described in these oxygen poisoning [21]. Besides the commonly known rela- guidelines are based on the International Consensus of the tive and absolute contraindications, transcutaneous oximetry Diabetic Foot [4]. It is a result of the development oxygen in plasma, leading to increased supply of oxygen of new research on advanced therapeutic products, including to hypoxia-afected tissues. Te main reason for interest in those Hyperbaric chamber has a bactericidal and bacteriostatic methods was the observation of rapidly increasing bacterial efect. Oxygen administered under increased ambient pres- antibiotic resistance consequently leading to resignation of sure enhances in vitro phagocytosis in regions of limited per- topical antibiotic application. Oxygen is an important cellular signal regulating intra- (2) granulation and epidermization and associated cellular and intratissue transformations. Increased oxygen cytokines and growth factors, level in chronically hypoxic or ischaemic wounds stimulates proliferation and diferentiation of epithelial cells and fbrob- (3) bioregulator-stimulated neoangiogenesis process. However, this improvement disappeared granulation are removed with a scalpel, scissors, and a scraper during the next two weeks of followup. However, the method is associated In the unblinded, randomized study by Duzgun et al. During a mean follow-up period of 92 weeks, granulation, or poorly perfused tissue from a healthy one. A ment is a common procedure and the wound’s area is small review of 6 studies prepared by Roeckl-Wiedmann et al. Other double-blinded, physical methods of wound debridement: sonotherapy (with randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials presented use of ultrasounds) and hydrosurgical (with use of water by Londahl¨ et al. Two phases: (1) frst (antibacterial) Debridement, topical antimicrobial agents, occlusive Faglia et al. Empirical antibiotic therapy modifed daily; (2) second (reparative) phase uses 100%oxygen following sensitivity results. Diabetic control with insulin daily; (2) second (reparative) phase uses 100%oxygen at 2. T eyhaveno Grade Clinical description efect on Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Proteus [44, 47, 78, 0 No open ulcer, high risk 79]. Insignifcant side efects of the therapy 3 Deep ulcer with bone involvement include minor bleeding, pain, excessively induced exudates, 4 Wet or dry gangrene (forefoot), without cellulitis increased body temperature, fu-like symptoms, allergic reac- 5 Generalized (whole foot) gangrene tion, and skin maceration [44, 76, 80, 81]. Lucilia sericata maggot cultures are kept on sterile media, with sterile air fow, ensuring aseptic Maggots secrete digestive juices on the outside; necrotic conditions. Additionally, an additional mechanical debridement on wound, or closed in a biobag. Studies are on the way on chemical special preparation; edges of the wound are covered with compositionandmechanismofactionofmaggotexcretions an ointment protecting against digestive enzymes. It is a blend of collagenases, proteolytic maggots, approximately 5–10 for one centimetre squared of enzymes, serine proteases: trypsin-like and chymotrypsin- thewound,maybecoveredbyanylonnet,ensuringthey like enzymes, metalloproteinase and aspartyl proteinase, remain in the wound area, and a humid dressing. A dry carboxypeptidases A and B, and leucine aminopeptidase [42, dressing is applied on top. Te dressing calcium, cysteine, glutathione, embryonic growth stimulating withmaggotsismaintainedfor3days,onaverage. Afer substance, growth stimulating factors for fbroblasts, and that period, the maggots should be removed by washing out other agents (Table 3)[42, 43]. Te procedure is repeated 1–4 times, stimulation is attributed to allantoin and urea. While treating battle infuence on disturbed mechanisms of the infammatory pro- wounds in Napoleon’s army, Baron Larrey observed that cess. Te frst clini- mechanism causes inhibition of secretion of proinfamma- cal application of maggot therapy was performed by J. Maggots remove necrotic tissue and do not of maggots, their transport survival, and application of digest bones, tendons, or viable tissues. It seems from the logistic point of view, costly, and burdened with a that the level of wound debridement is not achievable with risk of infection, for example, with tetanus. Lucilia sericata, Lucilia cuprina, Phormia regina, and Musca Despite lack of unanimous evidence, clinical experience domestica. Lucilla sericata maggots are highly voracious and in wound bed preparation can be efective both clinically and mobile; they have a herd instinct and become even more fnancially, if used appropriately [90, 91]. In a natural environment, Although indications for wound debridement with mag- those fies lay their eggs in carrion. Maggots hatch on the next gots are all chronic wounds and some acute ones, that day.